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Elias Porter
Elias Hull Porter (1914 – December 13, 1987) was an American psychologist. While at the University of Chicago Porter was a peer of other notable American psychologists, including Carl Rogers, Thomas Gordon, Abraham Maslow and Will Schutz. His work at Ohio State University and later at the University of Chicago contributed to Rogers’ development of client-centered therapy. Porter’s primary contributions to the field of psychology were in the areas of non-directive approaches, relationship awareness theory and psychometric tests. His career included military, government, business and clinical settings.
==Education and early influences==
In the mid-1930s, Porter was a student of Calvin S. Hall (who had just completed doctoral studies with Edward C. Tolman at University of California, Berkeley) and Robert W. Leeper (who was heavily influence by Kurt Lewin). He completed his masters work in 1938 at the University of Oregon,〔Porter, E.H. (1938) Masters Dissertation at University of Oregon: ''The influence of a period of incidental learning upon subsequent learning with intention.''〕 which documented that learning occurs in rats in mazes, even without the presence of rewards - and that the learning could be accessed later in the presence of rewards. In 1941, he completed his doctoral work at the Ohio State University where he was a student and assistant professor of psychology under Carl Rogers.〔Porter, E.H. 1941: Ph.D. Dissertation at Ohio State University: ''The development and measurement of a measure of counseling interview procedure.''〕 His dissertation was the first of many studies to empirically document the effectiveness of the non-directive approach in counseling.〔Kirschenbaum, H. (1979) ''On Becoming Carl Rogers''. New York: Delacorte Press. p. 206.〕
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